Skip to content
Company Terminals Nifty 50 Company TerminalsNifty 500 Index TerminalRecently Listed IPOs Markets Bhav Dhan Index: fear and greed, decodedFII DII data today, decodedNifty P/E, measured five waysMorning Open: before the bellEvening Close: the day, readThis season's results, read forensicallyAlerts by email and TelegramMarket Movers: why stocks moved IPO Intel Live and upcoming IPOsRecently listed: score vs outcomeSME IPO forensics Research Research and analysisIndustry research Calculators All calculatorsGold desk Services Roadmap Pricing Get started →
The $13 Billion Machine: Inside the Macro-Economics of the 2026 FIFA World CupAlibaba share price is up 16% today. what next for Baba stock?IPO Allotment status check online by PAN number 2025UnitedHealth (UNH Stock): You should stay away from itQ4 results live updates: Adani Group companies in focusThe $13 Billion Machine: Inside the Macro-Economics of the 2026 FIFA World CupAlibaba share price is up 16% today. what next for Baba stock?IPO Allotment status check online by PAN number 2025UnitedHealth (UNH Stock): You should stay away from itQ4 results live updates: Adani Group companies in focus
NSE: NHPCISIN INE848E01016

NHPC Ltd.

PowerNifty 500Statement-builtModerate risk
₹71.44
−1.26 (−1.73%)
Close 2026-10-16
52-week range
₹71−17.8% from high₹87
Last 6 months −14.5%
Trend
vs 50-DMA −4.9%vs 200-DMA −8.0%Volatility 23%
Analyst view from the market data feed
3% bullish
8 analystsmean rating 2.63
Price
₹71.44
Mkt cap
₹73,088 cr
P/E (TTM)
21.6xexcl. exceptional items
P/B
1.76x
Book value
₹40.5
ROE
9.5%
Op margin
29.9%
Net margin
26.3%
D/E
1.26
Div yield
2.21%
Q2 FY27 results2 questions to askHide
Revenue₹4,483 cr▲ 33.2%on the year▲ 17.7%on the quarter
EBITDA₹2,876 cr▲ 41.9%on the yearmargin 64.2% (+393 bps)
Net profit₹1,658 cr▲ 35.9%on the year▲ 40.7%on the quarter
EPS₹1.54▲ 51.0%on the year
  1. Revenue ₹4,483 cr, +33.2% on the year (this quarter has averaged +7.2% over the last 2 years); EBITDA margin 64.2%, +393 bps.
  2. Part of the profit growth came from outside the business: reported +35.9%, core +30.8%. Other income, exceptional items or tax added 5 points.
  3. Finance cost rose fast and now takes a large bite of operating profit. New borrowing, or a higher rate? Finance cost ₹556 cr, +100.3% on the year; 19% of EBITDA.
?Finance cost rose fast and now takes a large…?A lower tax rate lifted profit. Is the lower…✓Profit is backed by cash: operating cash flow exceeded…
Management said
  • The Parent Company has commissioned 4th unit of 250 MW out of 2000 MW Subansiri Lower Project during the half year ended September 30, 2026.press release
  • Pending approval of the CERC, an amount of ₹ 678.17 Crore and ₹ 1252.48 Crore respectively have been recognised provisionally as sales during the quarter and half year ended September…press release
  • The Parent Company has commissioned 5th unit of 250 MW (out of total 8 units) of 2000 MW Subansiri Lower Project on October 23, 2026.press release
Market today: Funded rallyBhav 58 · Dhan 70 · 6 NovBhav Dhan Index →
Consolidatedstandalone figures are read separately and never mixed into these tables
What this company actually does

A plain-language read of the business, how it actually earns, where the edge is, and the economics of every reported segment — taken from the annual report and investor presentation, not a one-line industry label.

  • Business model in plain language
  • The revenue engine — what actually generates cash
  • Segment revenue, PBIT, margin and capital employed
  • Operating KPIs — volumes, capacity, utilisation
Live once this company's filings, calls and disclosures have been read.

What's newsince the last filing we processed

Annual report Annual Report 2026 Open
Earnings call Sep 2025 Open

Price in context split-adjusted

1M−5.3%
6M−14.0%
1Y−17.8%-17.8% a year
From high−17.8%worst -18%
vs Nifty, 1Y−15.7 ptsNifty −2.2%
Beta0.67vs Nifty 50
Volatility23%a year

Trading at 19.6x earnings against its own median of 10.6x: 1.2 standard deviations above its usual range. This compares the company with its own history, not with other companies.

How to read this: Price shows the closing price with its 50-day (amber) and 200-day (grey) averages; bars at the bottom are daily volume, green on up days and red on down days; dashed lines mark the 52-week high and low. vs Nifty 50 starts both at 100 so you can see which did better over the period. P/E shows what the market paid for each rupee of profit, inside the band it usually trades in. Drawdown shows how far below its best price the share has been. Hover anywhere for the numbers on that day.

What you must understand

The three to six things that actually matter about this company, each with the exact filing and note it came from — never a fact without the context that makes it meaningful.

  • Reported profit vs operating profit
  • Management narrative vs the numbers
  • Standalone vs consolidated divergence
  • Audit opinion vs headline optimism
Live once this company's filings, calls and disclosures have been read.

Reading the Statements forensic interpretation

What the numbers mean when read together — computed from the filings, not a score.

Cash lags profit somewhat

Operating cash is 78% of trailing profit — a modest gap worth keeping an eye on.

Why this reading: Noted with caution: a mild gap that is commonly benign (working-capital timing) but worth tracking across years.

Full read

Operating cash ₹3,294 cr vs trailing profit ₹4,220 cr. Gaps in the 0.5–0.9 range are usually timing, occasionally a early tell.

Burning cash after capex

Free cash flow is negative — the business consumes more than it generates once capex is paid. Fine if it is deliberate growth investment; a problem if it is structural.

Why this reading: Noted with caution — worth watching, but not yet conclusive on its own. Business has ups and downs; one soft reading is not a verdict.

Full read

Latest free cash flow ₹-8,274 cr, negative in 4 of 12 years. Check whether the burn funds expansion (dark stores, plants, ports) or merely sustains operations.

Other income is a big part of profit

Other income is 66% of pre-tax profit — a large share of the profit comes from outside the core operating business.

Why this reading: Noted with caution — worth watching, but not yet conclusive on its own. Business has ups and downs; one soft reading is not a verdict.

Full read

Trailing other income ₹2,610 cr against pre-tax profit ₹3,929 cr. High other-income dependence means the headline profit is flattered by treasury, one-offs, or non-operating items rather than the core business.

Borrowing while holding investments

Borrowings rose 61% over two years while the company also carries ₹440 cr in investments. Why borrow at interest while parking money elsewhere is a fair question.

Why this reading: Noted with caution — worth watching, but not yet conclusive on its own. Business has ups and downs; one soft reading is not a verdict.

Full read

Borrowings moved to ₹52,327 cr from ₹32,561 cr. Simultaneous large investments can be legitimate treasury management, or a sign that reported cash is not freely available.

Borrowing is funding real capacity

Debt rose over 3 years, and most of it (139%) has turned into fixed assets and projects under construction — the borrowing is building the business.

Why this reading: A positive signal: leverage taken on is visibly becoming productive capacity, not disappearing.

Full read

New borrowing ₹22,787 cr largely matched by an asset build of ₹31,744 cr. Debt that funds capacity is a different thing from debt that funds nothing.

Profit growing with revenue

Both revenue and profit grew over the last year (12% and 24%) — growth is translating to the bottom line.

Why this reading: A positive signal in the numbers, shown for balance alongside the concerns.

Full read

Trailing revenue ₹12,210 cr, trailing profit ₹4,267 cr. Profit growing at least as fast as revenue indicates operating leverage or pricing power.

Net margin expanding

Net margin improved from 14.5% to 34.9% year-on-year — the business is keeping more of each rupee.

Why this reading: A positive signal in the numbers, shown for balance alongside the concerns.

Full read

Quarter net margin 34.9% vs 14.5% four quarters earlier. Expansion from operating leverage is healthy; verify it is not a one-off gain.

Forensic modelscomputed from the filed statements

Every score below is calculated here from the reported numbers — none of it is asserted. Open the notebook at the foot of the section to see each formula with this company's figures in it.

Altman Z″

Needs current assets and current liabilities.

Piotroski F

4 / 8 1 not testable
  • Profitable this year
  • Operating cash positive
  • Return on assets improved
  • Cash exceeds profit
  • Leverage reduced
  • Liquidity improved
  • No share dilution
  • Margin improved
  • Assets working harder
What is this, and how do I read it?

Piotroski F-Score — fundamental momentum — Joseph Piotroski, University of Chicago, 2000, in a study of whether accounting signals could improve returns among cheap stocks.

Nine yes-or-no tests across profitability, leverage and operating efficiency. Each pass scores one. It asks a narrow question: is this business getting better or worse on its own terms, year over year?

Profitability (4 tests)
Positive profit, positive operating cash, improving return on assets, and cash exceeding profit. The last is the quality test — profit that outruns cash is the one to question.
Leverage and liquidity (3 tests)
Falling debt, improving current ratio, no new shares issued. Growth funded by dilution scores zero here.
Operating efficiency (2 tests)
Improving margin and improving asset turnover.

How to read it7 or more suggests improving fundamentals; 3 or fewer suggests deterioration. It measures direction, not quality — a weak company improving can score higher than a strong one holding steady.

Where it failsA single year of comparison, so one unusual year distorts it. Says nothing about valuation, competitive position or management. Piotroski designed it to rank already-cheap stocks, not to judge a company in isolation.

Beneish M

Needs trade receivables, current assets, other expenses.

Cash vs profit

1.46× 12-year cumulative

Accruals are 0.8% of assets. Free cash flow negative in 4 of 12 years.

DuPont — return on equity FY2026

Net margin36.3%× Asset turnover0.10×× Leverage2.90×= ROE10.2%
What is this, and how do I read it?

DuPont decomposition — Devised inside the DuPont Corporation in the 1920s and still the standard way to read a return on equity.

Splits return on equity into its three sources, so the same headline number can be traced to very different businesses.

Net margin
What the company keeps from each rupee of sales. High margin points to pricing power or a genuine cost advantage.
Asset turnover
Sales generated per rupee of assets. High turnover points to efficiency — a retailer earns this way, a utility never will.
Leverage (equity multiplier)
Assets divided by equity. This multiplies whatever the first two produce, in both directions.

How to read itA 20% ROE built on margin and turnover is a different proposition from a 20% ROE built on 3× leverage. The first survives a downturn; the second amplifies it.

Where it failsA single year. Negative equity makes it meaningless. Leverage is structural for lenders, so the third term carries no signal there.

Leverage & coverage FY2026

Debt / equity1.26×
Interest coverage3.74×
ROCE6.0%

Capital that builds FY2023 → FY2026

Capital deployed+59%
Revenue produced+10%
Still in CWIP₹34,948 cr

Capital is going in far faster than revenue is coming out. For a business mid-build that is expected — the test is whether it converts.

The formula notebook — every number above, worked out
Cash vs profit cumulative operating cash flow ÷ cumulative net profit ₹59,811 cr ÷ ₹40,876 cr, over 12 years 1.46× Above 1.0 means cash exceeds reported profit — the healthier reading.
Accruals (Sloan) (net profit − operating cash flow) ÷ average total assets (₹4,220 − ₹3,294) cr ÷ average assets 0.8% The share of profit that is accounting entries rather than cash. Above ~10% is where accruals start to dominate.
DuPont — return on equity net margin × asset turnover × leverage 36.3% × 0.10 × 2.90 10.2% Splits ROE into whether returns come from operations or from borrowing.
Interest coverage EBIT ÷ finance cost ₹5,317 cr ÷ ₹1,423 cr 3.74× How many times operating profit covers the interest bill.
Debt to equity borrowings ÷ net worth ₹52,327 cr ÷ ₹41,437 cr 1.26× Read against the sector — infrastructure carries more than software.
Capital that builds growth in fixed assets + CWIP, against growth in revenue capital +59% vs revenue +10%, FY2023 to FY2026 50pp gap Money going in far faster than revenue coming out. For an incubator this is expected — the test is whether it eventually converts.

Going deepersame statements, harder questions

Montier C-Score

Needs more balance-sheet detail (only 3 of 6 flags testable).

Return on invested capital FY2026

ROIC4.3%
On new capital since FY2023 -1.1%
Capital employed₹93,764 cr

NOPAT over equity plus debt less cash, at a notional 25% tax. Incremental ROIC is the return on money put in since then — the number that decides whether growth creates value or consumes it.

What is this, and how do I read it?

Return on invested capital, and incremental ROIC — Standard in corporate finance; the incremental form was popularised by Michael Mauboussin as the test of whether growth creates value.

ROIC measures what the business earns on all the capital it employs — equity plus debt, less cash. Incremental ROIC asks a sharper question: what has it earned on the money put in since a chosen year?

NOPAT
Operating profit after a notional tax charge, so the figure is independent of how the company is financed. We use 25%.
Invested capital
Equity plus borrowings less cash — the money actually at work.
Incremental ROIC
Change in NOPAT divided by change in invested capital. If it sits below the cost of capital, growth is destroying value however fast revenue rises.

How to read itROIC comfortably above the cost of capital — call it 11–13% in India — means growth compounds. Below it, growth consumes. Incremental below headline means recent investment is earning less than the legacy business.

Where it failsDistorted in the year of a large acquisition. Understated for companies mid-build, where capital is deployed but capacity has not yet been commissioned — an incubator will look poor until it does not.

Earnings quality ladder FY2026

Cash ÷ EBITDA0.80×
Cash ÷ profit0.78×
Free cash ÷ profit-1.96×

Read downward. Cash can cover EBITDA and still not survive capex — the third rung is where a capital-hungry business shows itself.

What is this, and how do I read it?

The earnings quality ladder — Not a named model — the standard sequence an analyst walks when testing whether reported profit is real.

Three ratios read in order, each stricter than the last.

Cash ÷ EBITDA
Does operating profit arrive as cash? Below 0.8 points to working capital absorbing it.
Cash ÷ profit
Does bottom-line profit arrive as cash? Below 1.0 persistently is the classic warning.
Free cash ÷ profit
Does anything survive capex? This is where capital-hungry businesses reveal themselves — a company can pass the first two and still never generate spendable cash.

How to read itRead downward. Each rung failing where the one above passed tells you exactly where the cash is going.

Where it failsA single year of heavy capex depresses the third rung legitimately. Judge it across a cycle.

Cost of debt FY2026

Interest ÷ average borrowings3.10%
Average borrowings₹45,942 cr

Against a policy rate near 6%, most sound Indian corporates borrow between 7% and 10%.

What is this, and how do I read it?

Cost of debt — Interest expense over average borrowings — the effective rate the company actually pays.

What the lenders charge, which is a market verdict on credit quality that no rating agency delay affects.

Well below the policy rate
Suggests interest is being capitalised into assets rather than expensed, or that funding comes from related parties on non-market terms.
Near the policy rate plus a normal spread
Ordinary bank funding. Nothing to explain.
Well above
Lenders are pricing risk the equity market may not yet be.

How to read itAgainst a policy rate near 6%, most sound Indian corporates borrow between 7% and 10%. Read the direction over years as much as the level.

Where it failsUnderstated where a large share of interest is capitalised into projects under construction. Not meaningful for lenders, where interest is cost of goods.

Reading the numbers on this pagetwo bases, both shown

Some figures appear twice on this page with different values. That is not an error — they sit on different bases. The live feed reports a rolling twelve months; everything computed here comes from the last audited statements. Both are shown so you can see which is which.

Net margin
Trailing twelve months, live feed26.3%
FY2026, as filed36.3%
10.0% apart
Operating margin
Trailing twelve months, live feed29.9%
FY2026, as filed35.3%
5.4% apart

Where the two disagree, every model, screen and ratio computed on this page uses the filed figure, because the rest of the page is on that basis.

What the filings we hold do not give

Models that need these lines are withheld rather than estimated: net worth, current assets, current liabilities, trade receivables, inventory, net block. Nothing on this page is back-solved from a figure the company did not publish.

Published screening frameworksrules applied, not opinions quoted

Each framework below is a set of stated, mechanical criteria from published work, run against this company's own filed numbers. Passing or failing a screen is not a verdict — different frameworks disagree by design, and that disagreement is itself informative.

Graham — defensive investor

1 / 5
  • Debt below net worth ₹52,327 cr vs ₹41,437 cr
  • Positive earnings every year 12 of 12 years
  • Earnings growth over the period 12% since FY2022
  • P/E below 15 21.6×
  • P/E × P/B below 22.5 37.9

Benjamin Graham's stated criteria for a defensive stock, applied to the filed numbers. A company failing several is not disqualified — Graham designed these to be deliberately strict.

Greenblatt — magic formula

0 / 2
  • Return on capital above 20% 5.7%
  • Earnings yield above 8% 4.6%

Two ratios only: what the business earns on its capital, and what you pay for those earnings. Designed to be ranked across a universe rather than read in isolation.

O'Neil — CAN SLIM growth tests

2 / 4
  • Annual earnings growth above 25% 25%
  • Revenue growth above 20% 12%
  • Return on equity above 17% 10.2%
  • Share count not expanding equity capital ₹10,045 cr

The fundamental half of William O'Neil's framework. The market and leadership components are judgement calls and are not scored here.

Quality — compounder tests

1 / 4
  • Cash conversion above 0.9× 1.46× over 12 years
  • ROCE above 15% 6.0%
  • Interest covered more than 4× 3.74×
  • Debt below half of equity 1.26×

The characteristics long-term holders commonly look for: cash-backed earnings, high returns on capital, and debt that never forces a decision.

Against the sector17 companies

Median of the companies we hold in the same sector (Power). Every figure on both sides is the live feed's trailing twelve months, so the two are measured the same way whatever depth of extraction this company has had. A number only means something next to something else — expensive against the market and cheap against peers are different facts.

P/E
21.6×
30.1×
-28%
P/B
1.8×
2.0×
-14%
Return on equity
9.5%
12.6%
-25%
Operating margin
29.9%
26.5%
+13%
Net margin
26.3%
14.0%
+88%
Dividend yield
2.2%
1.9%
+16%
this companysector median

The page in pictures

Revenue and what it leaves behind

Bars are revenue; the line is net margin. Revenue rising while the line falls is the shape worth noticing.

FY19 · 8,983FY19FY20 · 10,008FY20FY21 · 9,648FY21FY22 · 9,144FY22FY23 · 10,607FY23FY24 · 9,631FY24FY25 · 10,380FY25FY26 · 11,615FY26
Revenue (₹ cr)Net margin %

Where the year's cash went — FY2026

Operating cash first, then what the business spent and raised.

3,294Operating cash−11,139Investing8,928Financing

Quality over time

One year is a snapshot. These are the two lines that matter across a cycle.

2.01.51.00.5FY19FY20FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25FY26
Cash ÷ profit (×)ROCE (÷10)

Where cash gets stuck

Rising debtor or inventory days against flat sales is the earliest visible sign of stress.

22717412168FY19FY20FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25FY26
Debtor daysCash cycle
Growth & valuation workspace

Set your own assumptions and watch the numbers move. A scenario calculator — the outputs are the arithmetic of your inputs.

User-driven scenario tool. Implied value and CAGR follow only from the assumptions you set — not a FinMinutes forecast, recommendation, or target price.

Valuation & quality

One canonical set of figures — the same numbers used everywhere else on this page and on the screener.

What you payHow the price compares with earnings, book and sales.
P/E (TTM)
21.6x
trailing 12m, live feed
P/B
1.76x
P/S
5.98x
Dividend yield
2.21%
What it earnsMargins and returns as the live feed reports them, on a rolling twelve months. The models above compute the same measures from the last audited statements, so the two can differ.
Operating margin
29.9%
trailing 12m, live feed
Net margin
26.3%
trailing 12m, live feed
Return on equity
9.5%
trailing 12m, live feed
How it is fundedLeverage and what is returned to shareholders.
Debt / equity
1.26
leveraged
Payout ratio
5.6%
Book value / share
₹40.5
Return on equity of 9.5% is built on a 26.3% net margin and debt of 1.26x equity. The full DuPont breakdown sits in the forensic models above.

Ownership & Skin in the Game

How the register has moved over recent quarters — the direction matters more than the level.

Promoter ▼ 6.01
Dec '2567.40% Mar '2667.40% Jun '2661.39% Sep '2661.39%

Promoter trimmed from 67.40% to 61.39% across these quarters.

FII ▲ 2.78
Dec '2510.39% Mar '2610.34% Jun '2612.29% Sep '2613.17%

FII rose from 10.39% to 13.17% across these quarters.

MF ▲ 3.32
Dec '253.69% Mar '263.92% Jun '266.85% Sep '267.01%

MF rose from 3.69% to 7.01% across these quarters.

Other ― 0.09
Dec '2518.52% Mar '2618.34% Jun '2619.47% Sep '2618.43%

Other held steady from 18.52% to 18.43% across these quarters.

Working capital12-year series

Where cash gets stuck. A rising inventory or debtor line against flat sales is the earliest sign of trouble in the numbers.

MeasureFY2019FY2020FY2021FY2022FY2023FY2024FY2025FY2026
Debtor days
How long customers take to pay
1151311942072121689083
Cash conversion cycle
Debtor + inventory − payable days
1151311942072121689083
Working capital days-18573611-1-51-58-97
ROCE %
Return on capital employed
10.0%8.0%9.0%6.0%8.0%8.0%7.0%6.0%

Power vitalsthe numbers this business is run on

Quarter by quarter

MetricQ2 FY27Q1 FY27Q2 FY26
Capacity (MW)1,0007500
Receivable days (days)94.34——
Operating Margin51.88%47.73%48.65%
Net Profit Margin36.98%30.93%36.23%
Debtors Turnover Ratio (6M) (x)4.68—2.27
Inventory Turnover Ratio (6M) (x)55.2—49.25

From the quarterly results and the earnings call, read by FinMinutes. Latest quarter, read in full.

Read using the Power and utilities framework (named in the filing read). Primary valuation lens: P/B against allowed RoE.

3 standard reads withheld or marked as expected here, and why
  • Capacity is added in large blocks.
  • Not a growth-software business.
  • Regulated cash cycles.

Read more closely in this sector: Regulatory receivables and late payment surcharge · Capacity announced against commissioned.

Trends

The shape of the business over time (annual) — read the direction, not the single print.

Revenue (₹ cr)
FY20219.6kFY20229.1kFY202310.6kFY20249.6kFY202510.4kFY202611.6k
Net profit (₹ cr)
FY20213.6kFY20223.8kFY20234.3kFY20244.0kFY20253.4kFY20264.2k

Annual Profit & Loss ₹ cr

LineFY2021FY2022FY2023FY2024FY2025FY2026
Revenue from operations9,6489,14410,6079,63110,38011,615
Other income1,0879817432,0301,6263,196
Depreciation1,2921,1901,2151,1841,1931,976
Finance cost5775864757671,1891,423
Profit before tax4,4953,2175,2375,0154,7673,894
Net profit (owners)3,6003,7744,2614,0003,4124,220
EPS (₹)3.263.513.893.582.993.75

Exceptional items, total income and EBITDA are read from the filed statements.

Quarterly Financials ₹ cr

MetricSep 2023Dec 2023Mar 2024Jun 2024Sep 2024Dec 2024Mar 2025Jun 2025Sep 2025Dec 2025Mar 2026Jun 2026
Revenue2,9312,0561,8872,6943,0522,2872,3473,2143,3652,2212,8163,808
Other Income2615876234314543652654134481,449306407
Expenses1,1631,3037351,0851,2471,2721,1421,4121,3382,0092,1791,456
Depreciation295296299296285297315436441457642600
Finance cost116133365244308649-12261278310574606
Profit before tax1,6189091,1111,5001,6664341,1671,5181,755894-2741,554
Net Profit1,6936236051,1021,0603309201,1311,2193211,5491,178
EPS1.540.480.541.020.900.230.851.061.020.221.451.09

Balance Sheet ₹ cr, annual

ItemFY2021FY2022FY2023FY2024FY2025FY2026
Equity Capital10,04510,04510,04510,04510,04510,045
Reserves23,00824,87626,91628,62429,62331,392
Borrowings23,36526,09629,54032,56139,55752,327
Net block21,99321,82522,13721,47422,16850,290
CWIP19,16722,52231,35739,79850,60134,948
Investments1,8422,386499479444440
Total Assets73,13677,28886,21192,267102,680120,007

Cash Flow ₹ cr

LineFY2021FY2022FY2023FY2024FY2025FY2026
Cash from operations5,0704,5904,7057,2525,0263,294
Cash from investing-1,607-3,084-4,191-5,940-7,550-11,139
Cash from financing-3,058-638-795-9241,9048,928
Free cash flow3,012888-269285-3,823-8,274
Net change in cash405867-281388-6201,082

Cash from operations is the number profit has to answer to. Free cash flow is what remains after the business pays for its own growth.

From the filings, calls & disclosures

The part no one reads: the auditor's opinion, the contingent liabilities buried in the notes, the covenants, and the claims in the deck placed beside the figures that test them.

  • Buried in the footnotes — what the notes disclose and the summary does not
  • Risk register — every dispute, probe and contingent liability with its amount
  • Audit & governance — opinion type, emphasis of matter, going concern, subsidiary coverage
  • Guidance & forward view
  • Narrative vs numbers
  • Segment intelligence
Live once this company's filings, calls and disclosures have been read.
The analyst grilling

Where analysts pressed management on the earnings call, and exactly how management answered — the questions that were hardest to answer are usually the ones that matter.

  • The question, and who asked it
  • Management's answer, in their own framing
Live once this company's filings, calls and disclosures have been read.

Disclosure & evidencewhat the filings actually show

These are coverage counts, not ratings. Each one asks a fixed set of questions of the filings and reports how many the company answered. A company that discloses nothing counts nothing here — that is a statement about the disclosure, not about the business.

Capital discipline

3 of 4 disclosed weighted 7 of 10
What was looked for
  • Profit converts to cash — 1.46× over 12 years
  • Free cash flow not persistently negative — 4 of 12 years negative
  • Capital converts into revenue — capital +59% vs revenue +10%
  • Interest comfortably covered — 3.74×

Others in Power

The same read, applied to the companies this one competes with.

Results · Q2 FY27July to September 2026

Open the full results page ↗
?2 questions to ask✓1 positive15 of 19 checks ran · read from the filing
Revenue₹4,483 cr▲ 33.2%on the year▲ 17.7%on the quarter
EBITDA₹2,876 cr▲ 41.9%on the yearmargin 64.2% (+393 bps)
Net profit₹1,658 cr▲ 35.9%on the year▲ 40.7%on the quarter
EPS₹1.54▲ 51.0%on the year

What changed

  1. Revenue ₹4,483 cr, +33.2% on the year (this quarter has averaged +7.2% over the last 2 years); EBITDA margin 64.2%, +393 bps.
  2. Part of the profit growth came from outside the business: reported +35.9%, core +30.8%. Other income, exceptional items or tax added 5 points.
  3. Finance cost rose fast and now takes a large bite of operating profit. New borrowing, or a higher rate? Finance cost ₹556 cr, +100.3% on the year; 19% of EBITDA.

The quarter, explainedfrom the filing and the statements

NHPC Ltd. reported revenue of ₹4,483 cr for July to September 2026, +33.2% on the year and +17.7% on the quarter. That is faster than this quarter has grown in recent years (+7.2% on average), so the year-on-year number is not just the season. It is the highest quarterly revenue in the last 12 quarters on record. Over the last four quarters revenue comes to ₹13,328 cr, +18.9% on the four before.

Operating profit (EBITDA) was ₹2,876 cr, a margin of 64.2%, +393 bps on the year and +239 bps on the quarter. It is the widest margin of the last 8 quarters (range 9.5% to 64.2%). Operating costs grew +20.1% against revenue growth of +33.2%, so more of each rupee of sales reached operating profit.

Net profit was ₹1,658 cr, +35.9% on the year and +40.7% on the quarter, with earnings per share of ₹1.54. Profit before other income, one-offs and tax grew 30.8%, so 5 points of the headline growth came from outside the core business. The tax rate of 28% is in line with its recent average. Profit over the last four quarters totals ₹4,706 cr, +30.7% on the four before.

Of the 11 companies in Power and utilities that have reported Q2 FY27 so far, NHPC Ltd. ranks 4th on revenue growth; the sector median is +14.9%. Its margin moved +393 bps on the year against a sector median of +34 bps.

Most power earnings are regulated returns on equity, with fuel costs passed through, so revenue can swing with fuel prices while profit moves far less.

On earnings per share of ₹4.30 over the last four quarters, the stock at ₹71.44 trades at 16.6 times trailing earnings.

Questions to askeach one with its numbers and source

?Question

Finance cost rose fast and now takes a large bite of operating profit. New borrowing, or a higher rate?

Finance cost ₹556 cr, +100.3% on the year; 19% of EBITDA.

Source: Results filing

?Question

A lower tax rate lifted profit. Is the lower rate going to last?

Effective tax rate 28.2% against 42.3% over the previous quarters, worth about ₹267 cr of profit.

Source: Results filing

Also worth knowing

✓Positive

Profit is backed by cash: operating cash flow exceeded profit.

Operating cash flow for the first half ₹3,179 cr against profit of ₹2,836 cr.

Source: Cash flow statement

Could not run on this quarter: Exceptional items that recur, Related-party transactions, Promoter pledges and allotments, Earlier promises against delivery. The filing did not carry these lines.

Where the profit change came fromSep '25 → Sep '26

₹1,219 crSep'25+₹849 crBusiness(EBITDA)−₹169 crDepreciation−₹278 crFinancecost−₹77.7 crOtherincome+₹114 crOtherlines₹1,658 crSep'26Scale starts at ₹710 cr, not zero, so the changes are visible

Net profit a year ago, each driver's change, and net profit now. Blue added profit, red took it away.

The half year: balance sheet and cashfiled with Q2

Balance sheetSep '26Last year endChange
Trade receivables₹4,283 cr₹2,630 cr▲ 62.9%
Inventory₹299 cr₹294 cr▲ 1.7%
Cash₹2,751 cr₹1,961 cr▲ 40.3%
Bank balances₹1,894 cr₹1,690 cr▲ 12.1%
Long-term borrowings₹50,520 cr₹46,174 cr▲ 9.4%
Short-term borrowings₹6,700 cr₹5,960 cr▲ 12.4%
Trade payables₹434 cr₹387 cr▲ 12.2%
Net block₹46,479 cr₹45,771 cr▲ 1.5%
Capital work in progress₹38,890 cr₹34,744 cr▲ 11.9%
Equity₹50,752 cr₹48,405 cr▲ 4.8%
Total assets₹1.29 lakh cr₹1.20 lakh cr▲ 7.1%
Cash flow, year to dateThis yearLast year
Operating cash flow₹3,179 cr₹1,583 cr
Capital expenditure−₹5,685 cr−₹5,094 cr
Investing cash flow−₹5,229 cr−₹5,046 cr
Financing cash flow₹2,839 cr₹3,804 cr
Dividends paid−₹364 cr−₹620 cr

Operating cash flow was 1.12× profit. Receivables at 94 days of sales (+12 days against the last year end). Inventory at 7 days of sales (−3 days).

From the filingauditor, IPO money, related parties, promoters

✓Auditor's reviewUnmodified conclusion · Dharam Raj & Co, S Jaykishan, Vinod Kumar & Associates

Other matter: “

We did not review the interim financial results of two subsidiaries included in the Statement, whose interim financial results reflect total assets of Rs. 25,332.12 crore as at 30 September 2026, total revenues of Rs 413.37 crore and Rs 742.43… Read in fullWe did not review the interim financial results of two subsidiaries included in the Statement, whose interim financial results reflect total assets of Rs. 25,332.12 crore as at 30 September 2026, total revenues of Rs 413.37 crore and Rs 742.43 crore, total net profit after tax of Rs. 222.62 crore and Rs. 390.39 crore and total comprehensive income of Rs 222.38 crore and Rs. 389.75 crore for the quarter and half year ended 30 September 2026 respectively, and the cash outflows of Rs. 606.28 crore (net) for the half year ended 30 September 2026. These interim financial results have been reviewed by the other auditors whose report have been furnished to us by the Holding Company's Management and our conclusion on the Statement, in so far as it relates to the amounts and disclosures included in respect of these subsidiaries, is based solely on the report of the other auditors and the procedures performed by us as stated in paragraph 3 above.
”

Filing p. consolidated limited review report p.1-3

✓IPO moneyUsed as stated

₹0.0 cr still unused. “Nil funds raised through Non-Convertible Security during quarter ended September 30, 2026; statement of deviation or variation reports nil deviation.”

?Governance eventsOther

Hearing on Scheme of Amalgamation of Jalpower Corporation Limited (JPCL) with NHPC Limited held on September 28, 2026 before MCA; order in this regard is awaited. (p. consolidated note 9 p.14)

Commissioned 5th unit of 250 MW (out of total 8 units) of 2000 MW Subansiri Lower Project on October 23, 2026, taking total installed capacity of Subansiri Lower Project to 1250 MW. (p. consolidated note 10 p.14)

Inside the profitother income, one-offs, tax

Other income, line by line

  • Interest Income & Guarantee Fees (including Late Payment Surcharge) (6M consolidated): 187.57 crore (recurring)consolidated cash flow statement p.12
  • Amortisation of Government Grants (6M consolidated): 42.01 crore (recurring)consolidated cash flow statement p.12
  • Dividend Income (6M consolidated): 27.60 crore (recurring)consolidated cash flow statement p.12
  • Advance against Depreciation written back (6M consolidated): 27.38 crore (recurring)consolidated cash flow statement p.12
  • Liabilities / Impairment Allowances / Provisions not required written back (6M consolidated): 2.61 crore (recurring)consolidated cash flow statement p.12

Tax: Consolidated tax expense of ₹535.99 crore (current tax ₹308.07 crore, deferred tax charge ₹227.92 crore) on Profit before tax of ₹1,897.55 crore for Q2 FY27. Parent Company exercised option under Section 200(5) of Income Tax Act, 2025 effective Tax Year 2026-27.

Power vitalsthe numbers this business is run on

MetricQ2 FY27Q1 FY27Q2 FY26
Capacity (MW)1,0007500
Receivable days (days)94.34——
Operating Margin51.88%47.73%48.65%
Net Profit Margin36.98%30.93%36.23%
Debtors Turnover Ratio (6M) (x)4.68—2.27
Inventory Turnover Ratio (6M) (x)55.2—49.25

Worked out from filed numbers. Receivable Days: Trade Receivables (₹4,283.37 crore) / (H1 Revenue ₹8,290.86 crore * 2) * 365

Checks this sector needs

iRegulatory receivables and late payment surcharge

Trade receivables stood at ₹4,283.37 crore as on September 30, 2026 compared to ₹2,629.40 crore as on March 31, 2026. Pending CERC tariff final approval, provisional sales of ₹1,252.48 crore for Subansiri Lower (units 1-4) and ₹917.89 crore for Parbati-II were recognized in H1 FY27. Regulatory deferral account debit balances stood at ₹8,817.92 crore. Interest income and guarantee fees (including late payment surcharge) earned was ₹187.57 crore in H1 FY27.

Receivable expansion reflects provisional billing on newly commissioned units pending final CERC tariff orders.

✓Capacity announced against commissioned

Commissioned 4th unit of 250 MW at 2000 MW Subansiri Lower HE Project in H1 FY27 (reaching 1000 MW by Sep 30, 2026), and 5th unit on Oct 23, 2026 (reaching 1250 MW). 800 MW Parbati-II HE Project commissioned in FY 2025-26. Total CWIP stands at ₹38,889.69 crore across ongoing hydroelectric and renewable capacity additions.

Sequential commissioning of mega hydro units at Subansiri Lower adds substantial generating capacity to the grid.

Read using the Power and utilities framework (named in the filing read). Primary valuation lens: P/B against allowed RoE.

1 standard read withheld or marked as expected here, and why
  • Project finance keeps reserve cash beside debt by covenant.

Read more closely in this sector: Regulatory receivables and late payment surcharge · Capacity announced against commissioned.

What management saidquoted, with source

  • The Parent Company has commissioned 4th unit of 250 MW out of 2000 MW Subansiri Lower Project during the half year ended September 30, 2026.press release, consolidated note 6(i) p.13
  • Pending approval of the CERC, an amount of ₹ 678.17 Crore and ₹ 1252.48 Crore respectively have been recognised provisionally as sales during the quarter and half year ended September 30, 2026.press release, consolidated note 6(i) p.13
  • The Parent Company has commissioned 5th unit of 250 MW (out of total 8 units) of 2000 MW Subansiri Lower Project on October 23, 2026.press release, consolidated note 10 p.14
  • Due to uncertainties regarding implementation of Teesta IV HE Project of the Parent Company, an amount of ₹ 231.30 Crore incurred on survey & investigation being carried as Capital Work In Progress, has been provided for.press release, consolidated note 7 p.13

Guidance given this quarter

MetricGuidanceForAgainst earlier guidance
Subansiri Lower HE Project Total Target Capacity2000Full Projectunchanged or first given
Subansiri Lower HE Project Commissioned Capacity Post Q21250As of October 23, 2026unchanged or first given

Held for next quarter's said-then-did check.

Every quartersame rules, every quarter

Q3 FY24Q4 FY24Q1 FY25Q2 FY25Q3 FY25Q4 FY25Q1 FY26Q2 FY26Q3 FY26Q4 FY26Q1 FY27Q2 FY27
Revenue₹2,056 cr₹1,887 cr₹2,694 cr₹3,052 cr₹2,287 cr₹2,347 cr₹3,214 cr₹3,365 cr₹2,221 cr₹2,816 cr₹3,808 cr₹4,483 cr
YoY——−2%+4%+11%+24%+19%+10%−3%+20%+18%+33%
EBITDA margin36.6%61.0%59.7%59.1%44.4%51.3%56.1%60.2%9.5%22.6%61.8%64.2%
Other income, % of PBT65%56%29%27%84%23%27%17%162%—12%10%
Exceptional items————————————
Tax rate31%46%27%36%24%21%26%34%64%—29%28%
Net profit₹623 cr₹605 cr₹1,102 cr₹1,060 cr₹330 cr₹920 cr₹1,131 cr₹1,219 cr₹321 cr₹1,549 cr₹1,178 cr₹1,658 cr
YoY——+1%−37%−47%+52%+3%+15%−3%+68%+4%+36%
Core profit YoY——−3%−11%−79%+85%+3%+8%−904%−164%+4%+31%
EPS₹0.48₹0.54₹1.02₹0.90₹0.23₹0.85₹1.06₹1.02₹0.22₹1.45₹1.09₹1.54
Flags1111321✓2222

Each quarter is read with the same rules. Balance-sheet and cash checks run on half-year and annual quarters; filing-read checks run where a read exists.

DISCLAIMER: FinMinutes is a financial data and analytics platform, not a registered investment adviser. Everything here is for educational and informational purposes. Forensic interpretations are computed from disclosed data and are not recommendations. Do your own due diligence.
Chat on WhatsApp